လမ္းစာအုပ္မ်ား
-prac_docs_employment_intensive_manual_5-1.jpg)
Growth and Development in the Construction Industry (1999), expresses a vision for publicsector
delivery aimed at optimising employment opportunities through labour-intensive
construction. This can be realised in the delivery of infrastructure through the adoption,
where technically and economically feasible, of
• labour-based methods of construction and manufacture where labour, utilising hand
tools and light equipment, is preferred to the use of heavy equipment for specific
activities.
• labour-based technologies where there is a shift in balance between labour
and equipment, in the way the work is specified and executed for selected works
components.
This cidb practice manual for Implementing Employment Intensive Road Works follows on from
the cidb‘s guide to best practice for Labour-based Methods and Technologies for Employment-
Intensive Construction Works. The latter covers a broad spectrum of construction works. It
establishes desirable and appropriate standards, processes, procedures and methods;
relating to the design and implementation of labour-based construction technologies,
methods for earthworks and for materials manufacture. This first set of guidelines provides
sufficient technical information to enable those, responsible for the design of projects, to
make confident and informed choices on their use in projects.
Implementing Employment Intensive Road Works aims to provide practical and technical
guidance to small and medium sized (SME) contractors, supervisors and designers who
are involved in the construction and upgrading of roads using labour and light plant. The
need for these technical manuals was identified during the training of SME contractors,
involved in the Gundo Lashu programme in Limpopo Province – a programme of labourbased
upgrading of rural roads, promoted by the Department of Public Works, Roads and
Transport in collaboration with the International Labour Organisation (ILO).
The development of this series of manuals is based on:
• experience gained in South Africa over the last ten years, including that of the Gundo
Lashu project presently being implemented by the Road Agency Limpopo, with
technical assistance from the ILO,
• best practices implemented by a number of Sub-Saharan countries,
• the relevant cidb best practice guidelines, in its series of Labour-based Methods and
Technologies for Employment-Intensive Construction Works.
These manuals support the objectives of South Africa’s Expanded Public Works Programme
(EPWP), and are aligned with the Guidelines for the Implementation of Labour-intensive
Infrastructure Projects under the Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) of the Department
of Public Works, obtainable on www.epwp.gov.za.
စာအုပ္(၂)
ေဒါင္လုပ္ဆြဲခ်င္ရင္ေတာ.Quality Assurance Handbook for Rural Roads
PERFACE
A good road network has an important bearing on the economic growth of the country. Rural
Connectivcity is perceived as one of the major component in increasing the agricultural output and
earning capacity of the rural population. There is a marked improvement in quality of life by way of
better educational facilities, improved health services, improved attendance by the school teachers as
well as students. Accessibility also provides improvement in governance and provision of other facilities
like post offices, access to police in case of emergencies and other communication system like telephones.
As a measure of poverty reduction, Government of India has launched Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak
Yojana (PMGSY) in December, 2000. The management systems developed for implementation of the
programme are centered on quality and the guidelines clearly prescribe to provide good all-weather
connectivity to target habitations.
Construction of quality roads requires concerted efforts on many fronts, therefore, a three tier quality
mechanism has been operationalized under the programme. The first tier provides for in-house quality
control, wherein, the Programme Implementation Unit (PIU) is required to control the quality of work
through performing mandatory tests for the material and workmanship. The second and third tier of
quality mechanism provides for monitoring of quality by the independent quality monitors at the State
Level and at the National Level. The PMGSY Guidelines provides that the NRRDA will issue general
guidelines on quality control and prescribe a Quality Control Hand Book to regulate the quality control
process at works level. Accordingly, a Quality Control Hand Book was brought out in 2002.
Based on feedback received from States, executing agencies and other organizations, it was felt that
handbook may also contain details about the tests involved in construction of cross drainage works,
rigid and semi-rigid pavements and protection works etc. The Rural Roads Specifications provide for
mandatory testing of material and workmanship and feedback of the field formations regarding the
frequency of tests indicated that there is a scope to revisit these frequencies. Therefore, National Rural
Roads Development Agency decided to review the Quality Control Hand Book and the work of review
was entrusted to Indian Roads Congress (IRC).
The IRC was requested to review the content of Quality Control Hand Book with a view to include
details about all the tests required for construction of roads and related cross drainage works etc. It was
also requested that the IRC may review the prescription of frequency of tests and examine whether the
concept of stage passing may be introduced to ensure clear accountability. The IRC constituted Expert
Group headed by Shri S. C. Sharma, Former Director General, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.
The Expert Group prepared the contents of the Handbook and based on the level of work and its utility,
the title of the handbook was decided as ‘Quality Assurance Hand Book for Rural Roads’. The drafts of
Quality Assurance Hand Book were reviewed in a series of meetings and deliberations by a Peer Review
Committee, constituted by NRRDA as below:
Prof. C. E. G. Justo, Emeritus Fellow, Bangalore University – Chairman
Shri Prabha Kant Katare, Director (Projects-III), NRRDA – Convener
MEMBERS
Dr. Ashok Kumar, Rural Roads Specialist, World Bank
Dr. Praveen Kumar, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
XXXXIII
TRANSPORTATION စာအုပ္ေတြဆြဲခ်င္ရင္ေတာ.စာအုပ္(၁)
စာအုပ္(၁၈)စာအုပ္(၁၉)စာအုပ္(၂၀)စာအုပ္(၂၁)စာအုပ္(၂၂)
Credit - http://bohteediary.blogspot.com
No comments:
Post a Comment